Ruthenium

Ruthenium holds astronomical significance despite its relatively limited presence within cosmic environments compared to more prevalent elements. Originating from nucleosynthesis processes within stars, ruthenium emerges as a product of supernova explosions and the r-process, contributing to the diverse chemical makeup of cosmic regions. Its spectral lines, observable across the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared spectra, offer insights into the elemental composition and physical properties of celestial bodies. Yet, detecting ruthenium in cosmic settings remains challenging due to its scarcity and weaker spectral features.